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                <text>Investigation of discriminatory attitude&#13;
toward people living with HIV in the&#13;
family context using socio-economic&#13;
factors and information sources: A&#13;
nationwide study in Indonesia</text>
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                <text>Background: The well-being of people living with HIV (PLHIV) remains a concern.&#13;
In addition to facing discrimination in their communities, many PLHIV have family&#13;
members who have a discriminatory attitude. This study analyzes the discriminatory&#13;
attitude toward PLHIV in the family context using socio-economic factors and&#13;
information sources in Indonesia.&#13;
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted using secondary data from the&#13;
2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS). A total sample of 28,879&#13;
respondents was selected using two-stage stratified cluster sampling. The study&#13;
variables are information sources, sex, age, education, residence, earnings, and&#13;
familial discriminatory attitude. We used the STATA 16.1 software to analyze&#13;
Chi-square and binary logistics with a 95% confident interval (CI) with a significance&#13;
of 5% (p-value &lt; 0.05).&#13;
Results: In Indonesia, familial discriminatory attitude has a prevalence of 72.10%.&#13;
In the survey, the respondents with access to some information about HIV (AOR:&#13;
0.794; 95% CI [0.722–0.873]), women (AOR: 0.768; 95% CI [0.718–0.820]), and those&#13;
living in rural areas (AOR: 0.880; 95% CI [0.834–0.929]) were the least likely to have&#13;
a familial discriminatory attitude. Meanwhile, the respondents aged 15–24 years&#13;
&#13;
How to cite this article Nursalam N, Sukartini T, Kuswanto H, Setyowati S, Mediarti D, Rosnani R, Pradipta RO, Ubudiyah M, Mafula D,&#13;
Klankhajhon S, Arifin H. 2022. Investigation of discriminatory attitude toward people living with HIV in the family context using&#13;
socio-economic factors and information sources: A nationwide study in Indonesia. PeerJ 10:e13841 DOI 10.7717/peerj.13841&#13;
&#13;
Submitted 20 June 2022&#13;
Accepted 14 July 2022&#13;
Published 3 August 2022&#13;
Corresponding author&#13;
Hidayat Arifin,&#13;
hidayat.arifin@unpad.ac.id&#13;
Academic editor&#13;
Mohsen Khosravi&#13;
Additional Information and&#13;
Declarations can be found on&#13;
page 10&#13;
DOI 10.7717/peerj.13841&#13;
Copyright&#13;
2022 Nursalam et al.&#13;
Distributed under&#13;
Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0&#13;
&#13;
(AOR: 1.329; 95% CI [1.118–1.581]) and those with a secondary level of education&#13;
(AOR: 1.070; 95% CI [1.004–1.142]) were the most likely to have a familial&#13;
discriminatory attitude.&#13;
Conclusion.: In the study, we found that, the younger the age and the lower the&#13;
educational level of the respondent, the more likely they were to have a familial&#13;
discriminatory attitude. The government may consider these factors when designing&#13;
policies to tackle familial discrimination faced by PLHIV; in particular, education</text>
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                <text>Nursalam Nursalam1,&#13;
&#13;
*, Tintin Sukartini1&#13;
&#13;
, Heri Kuswanto2&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Setyowati Setyowati3&#13;
&#13;
, Devi Mediarti4&#13;
&#13;
, Rosnani Rosnani4&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Rifky Octavia Pradipta5&#13;
&#13;
, Masunatul Ubudiyah6&#13;
&#13;
, Dluha Mafula7&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Sirikanok Klankhajhon8 and Hidayat Arifin9,&#13;
*</text>
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                <text>ISOLASI DAN PENETAPAN KADAR KAFEIN PADA DAUN TEH HITAM DEMPO (Camellia sinensis L.) SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI FTIR DAN UV-VIS</text>
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                <text>ABSTRAK&#13;
Latar Belakang : Teh hitam merupakan salah satu jenis teh yang memiliki kadar&#13;
kafein lebih tinggi dibanding jenis teh lainnya Salah satu daerah penghasil teh&#13;
hitam diindonesia yaitu Sumatera Selatan tepatnya teh hitam Gunung Dempo&#13;
yang dihasilkan oleh PT Perkebunan Nusantara 7 (persero) di Kota Pagaralam.&#13;
Produk teh hitamnya dengan kualitas premium diekspor keluar negeri sedangkan&#13;
dengan kualitas standar atau biasa dikirim kebeberapa daerah lain. Maka dari itu&#13;
penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memisahkan senyawa kafein pada kedua jenis teh&#13;
hitam tersebut menggunakan metode kristalisasi sublimasi serta menganalisisnya&#13;
menggunakan spektro FTIR dan Uv-Vis.&#13;
Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental&#13;
deskriptif. Ekstraksi pada teh hitam Dempo dilakukan dengan mendekok 300&#13;
gram sampel menggunakan 3 liter pelarut aquadest. Kemudian dilakukan ekstraksi&#13;
cair-cair menggunakan pelarut etil asetat sebanyak 45 ml. Hasil fraksinasi&#13;
dipekatkan lalu dilakukan kristalisasi sublimasi. Setelah itu dilakukan analisis&#13;
kualitatif dan kuantitatif isolate kafein sebanyak 10 mg secara spektro FTIR dan&#13;
Uv-Vis&#13;
Hasil : Hasil analisis kualitatif menggunakan spektro FTIR menunjukkan bahwa&#13;
Kristal kafein yang didapat mempunyai gugus fungsi N-H, C-N, C=O. Pada&#13;
analisis kuantitatif menggunakan spektro Uv-Vis didapat kadar senyawa kafein&#13;
pada kedua jenis teh hitam tersebut sebesar 130,767 mg/g dan 117,747 mg/g.&#13;
Kesimpulan : Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemisahan senyawa kafein pada&#13;
teh hitam menggunakan metode kristalisasi sublimasi didapatkan kafein murni.&#13;
Dari hasil penetapan kadar diketahui bahwa kadar kafein mempengaruhi kualitas&#13;
teh hitam Dempo produksi PTPN 7 Persero tersebut.&#13;
Kata Kunci : Teh Hitam (Camellia Sinensis L.), Isolat Kafein, FTIR, Uv-Vis</text>
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                <text>Sri Ismawati </text>
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                <text>Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang Jurusan Farmasi </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text> Dr.Sonlimar Mangunsong., Apt., M.kes</text>
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                <text>ISOLASI DAN PENETAPAN KADAR KAFEIN PADA DAUN TEH SEGAR DAN TEH HIJAU DEMPO (Camellia sinensis L.) SECARA High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)</text>
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                <text>ABSTRAK&#13;
Latar Belakang : Berbagai macam tanaman dapat tumbuh dengan subur di&#13;
Indonesia, seperti di daerah pegunungan Dempo yang terletak di kota Pagar alam,&#13;
provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Salah satunya adalah teh yang mengandung senyawa&#13;
kafein yang bermanfaat sebagai stimulan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengisolasi&#13;
dan menentukan kadar kafein yang terkandung pada daun teh segar dan teh hijau&#13;
Dempo (Camellia sinensis L.) secara High Performance Liquid Chromatography&#13;
(HPLC).&#13;
Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif non-eksperimental&#13;
dengan sampel daun teh segar dan teh hijau masing-masing dilakukan dekokta&#13;
sebanyak 300 gram dengan pelarut aquadest 3 liter, lalu difraksiksinasi dengan&#13;
pelarut etil asetat dan disublimasi sehingga didapatkan isolatnya. Lalu, dianalisa&#13;
kualitatif dengan uji Parry, uji Murexide, uji KLT dan uji Spektrofotometri UVVIS dengan komposisi fase gerak campuran aquabidestilata : metanol (50 : 50),&#13;
fase diam oktadesil silica C18, kecepatan alir 1,0 mL/menit dan detektor UV 275&#13;
nm. Kemudian, dilakukan analisa kuantitatif menggunakan High Performance&#13;
Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) agar kadar kafeinnya ditetapkan.&#13;
Hasil: Diperoleh hasil uji analisa kualitatif dengan uji Parry, uji Murexide, uji&#13;
KLT dan uji Spektrofotometri UV-VIS positif mengandung kafein. Sedangkan&#13;
pada uji analisa kuantitatif kadar kafein menggunakan metode High Performance&#13;
Liquid Chromatography pada teh hijau (sangrai) memiliki kadar kafein lebih&#13;
tinggi daripada pada teh segar (uap panas).&#13;
Kesimpulan: Ada perbedaan kandungan kadar kafein yang berada di dalam teh&#13;
hijau yaitu lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan teh segar dari gunung Dempo karena&#13;
proses pengolahan (pemanasan) yang berbeda.</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Zharifah Azzahra</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang Jurusan Farmasi </text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text> Dr. Sonlimar Magunsong, Apt., M.Kes </text>
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                <text>Karya Tulis Ilmiah (KTI)</text>
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                <text>JOURNAL OF NURSING AND HEALTH (JOSING)&#13;
COMPUTER MATHEMATICS RESEARCHINSTITUTE,&#13;
NURSING, EDUCATION, AND ECONOMY (IPM2KPE)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44357">
                <text>Rosnani</text>
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                <text>Journal of Pediatric Nursing; Prevalence and determinants of diarrhea among under-five children&#13;
in five Southeast Asian countries: Evidence from the demographic&#13;
health survey</text>
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Children&#13;
Demographic health survey&#13;
Southeast Asia</text>
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                <text>Purpose: To describe the prevalence and the correlation between individual, environmental and household,&#13;
health behavior, and source of information factors with diarrhea among under-five children in five Southeast&#13;
Asian countries based on the National Health Survey.&#13;
&#13;
Design and methods: Cross-sectional design conducted in five countries in Southeast Asia. Datasets from Demo-&#13;
graphic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys in five countries were analyzed.&#13;
&#13;
Results: A total of 12,447 children under 5 years of age from five countries in Southeast Asia (Indonesia 1807,&#13;
Cambodia 2650, Myanmar 1717, the Philippines 3669, and Timor-Leste 2614) were included in this study. Binary&#13;
logistic regression was performed to analyze the data. A total of 12,447 under-five children were included in the&#13;
study. Overall, in five Southeast Asian countries, the prevalence of diarrhea is known from 8.39% in the&#13;
&#13;
Philippines to 18.21% in Indonesia. Several factors related to diarrhea are individual; environmental and house-&#13;
hold; health behavior such as stool disposal, breastfeeding mothers, and children's food history; and source of in-&#13;
formation factors.&#13;
&#13;
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that diarrhea is a serious public health problem in the Southeast&#13;
Asian region that must be addressed using preventive and curative approaches.&#13;
&#13;
Practice implication: The results indicate the need for cross-collaboration among nurses, medical doctor, and san-&#13;
itarian is needed to tackle the childhood diarrhea and minimize the severity based on those determinants.</text>
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                <text>Hidayat Arifin a,m, Windy Rakhmawati b,&#13;
&#13;
⁎, Yulia Kurniawati c&#13;
&#13;
, Rifky Octavia Pradipta d&#13;
&#13;
, Ferry Efendi e&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Gusmaniarti Gusmaniarti f&#13;
&#13;
, Iqbal Pramukti g&#13;
&#13;
, Joel Rey U. Acob h&#13;
&#13;
, Agoestina Soares i&#13;
&#13;
, Nyein Moh Moh Myintj&#13;
,&#13;
&#13;
Setyowati Setyowati k&#13;
&#13;
, Rosnani Rosnani l&#13;
&#13;
, Devi Mediarti l&#13;
&#13;
, Kuei-Ru Chou m</text>
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                <text>Jurnal Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang Volume 1 No. 12 Desember 2013</text>
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